He died from his injuries. December 16, -- Theodore Cole and Ralph Roe worked in the mat shop in the model industries building. Over a period of time, while working in the mat shop in the model industries building, they filed their way through the flat iron bars on a window.
After climbing through the window, they made their way down to the water's edge and disappeared into San Francisco Bay. This attempt occurred during a bad storm and the Bay's currents were especially fast and strong - most people believe Roe and Cole were swept out to sea.
Officially, they are listed missing and presumed dead. May 23, -- While at work in the woodworking shop in the model industries building, James Limerick, Jimmy Lucas, and Rufus Franklin attacked unarmed correctional officer Royal Cline with a hammer Cline died from his injuries. The three then climbed to the roof in an attempt to disarm the correctional officer in the roof tower. The officer, Harold Stites, shot Limerick and Franklin.
Limerick died from his injuries. Lucas and Franklin received life sentences for Cline's murder. January 13, -- Arthur "Doc" Barker, Dale Stamphill, William Martin, Henry Young, and Rufus McCain escaped from the isolation unit in the cellhouse by sawing through the flat iron cell bars and bending tool-proof bars on a window.
They then made their way down to the water's edge. Correctional officers found the men at the shoreline on the west side of the island. Martin, Young, and McCain surrendered, while Barker and Stamphill were shot when they refused to surrender. Barker died from his injuries. May 21, -- Joe Cretzer, Sam Shockley, Arnold Kyle, and Lloyd Barkdoll took several correctional officers hostage while working in the industries area.
The officers, including Paul Madigan who later became Alcatraz's third warden , were able to convince the four that they could not escape and they surrendered. September 15, -- While on garbage detail, John Bayless attempted to escape. He gave up shortly after entering the cold water of San Francisco Bay. Later, while appearing in Federal court in San Francisco, Bayless tried, again unsuccessfully, to escape from the courtroom.
The four climbed out a window and made their way down to the water's edge. One of the hostages was able to alert other officers to the escape and shots were fired at Boarman, Brest, and Hamilton, who were swimming away from the island.
Hunter and Brest were both apprehended. Boarman was hit by gunfire and sank below the water before officers were able to reach him; his body was never recovered. Hamilton was initially presumed drowned. However, after hiding out for two days in a small shoreline cave, Hamilton made his way back up to the industries area, where he was discovered by correctional officers. August 7, -- Huron "Ted" Walters disappeared from the prison laundry building. He was caught at the shoreline, before he could even attempt to enter San Francisco Bay.
July 31, -- In one of the most ingenious attempts, John Giles was able to take advantage of his job working at the loading dock, where he unloaded army laundry sent to the island to be cleaned - over time, he stole an entire army uniform. Dressed in the uniform, Giles calmly walked aboard an army launch to what he thought was freedom. He was discovered missing almost immediately.
As Giles set foot on Angel Island, he was met by correctional officers who returned him to Alcatraz. May , -- During this incident, known as the "Battle of Alcatraz" and the "Alcatraz Blastout," six prisoners were able to overpower cellhouse officers and gain access to weapons and cellhouse keys, in effect taking control of the cellhouse. Their plan began to fall apart when the inmates found they did not have the key to unlock the recreation yard door.
Shortly thereafter, prison officials discovered the escape attempt. Eventually Shockley, Thompson, and Carnes returned to their cells, but not before the officers taken hostage were shot at point-blank range by Cretzer encouraged by Shockley and Thompson.
One officer, William Miller, died from his injuries. A second officer, Harold Stites who stopped the third escape attempt , was shot and killed attempting to regain control of the cellhouse. About 18 officers were injured during the escape attempt. Marines were eventually called out to assist, and on May 4, the escape attempt ended with the discovery of the bodies of Coy, Cretzer, and Hubbard. Shockley, Thompson, and Carnes stood trial for the death of the officers; Shockley and Thompson received the death penalty and were executed in the gas chamber at San Quentin in December Carnes, age 19, received a second life sentence.
July 23, -- Floyd Wilson disappeared from his job at the dock. The common theme expressed by most inmates was the rule of silence which was discontinued in the late 's. In the earlier years of Alcatraz, inmates were not allowed to talk to one another except during meals and recreation periods.
Some inmates commonly emptied out the water from their toilets and created a primitive communications system through the sewage piping.
This rule was considered harsh and inmates were disciplined for even minor violations of this code. Inmates also state that the island was always cold. Most agree that cells on their higher tiers with window views were more popular since they tended to be warmer than the ground level cells.
Alcatraz had no facilities for Capital Punishment and this process was usually left to State institutions. For Alcatraz, inmates who had been served a death sentence were transferred to San Quentin State Penitentiary for execution in the Gas Chamber.
There were eight people murdered by inmates on Alcatraz. Five men committed suicide, and fifteen died from natural illnesses. The Island also boasted it's own morgue but no autopsies were performed there. All deceased inmates were brought back to the mainland and released to the San Francisco County Coroner. The highest number ever recorded was , and the lowest number The average number of inmates during the 29 years of service was around There were approximately total men imprisoned there and the NPS indicated that while 1, number were issued, over thirty convicts were returned to Alcatraz with different numbers issued.
On average, the time of residence was about eight years. Men were never directly sentenced to Alcatraz and usually had to earn their way. There were only two men ever paroled directly from Alcatraz to the free world. See the escape info link on this site that provides brief descriptions of each attempt. The NPS records indicate that 36 prisoners were involved in various attempts. Two inmates actually successfully made it off the island but were quickly captured.
Seven inmates were shot and killed trying to escape. Two drowned and 5 inmates have been unaccounted for presumed drowned. The most famous escape was that of Frank Morris and the Anglin Brothers. All three were successful in swimming off Alcatraz, but all three are believed to have drowned. See the escapes links and also the Alcatraz short history narrative for more detailed information.
Primarily because of rising costs and deteriorating facilities. Operationally, Alcatraz was the most expensive prison of any state or federal institution. It was determined that other institutions could serve the same purpose for less cost.
Stroud had bred and studied birds at the Federal Penitentiary in Leavenworth, Kansas. Stroud was imprisoned at Alcatraz from until It was determined that Stroud was abusing his research privileges and sent to Alcatraz. For more information on how the Island has been portrayed and misrepresented in the movies visit the Building 64 special exhibits.
How long was Al Capone on Alcatraz? Capone arrived on the Island on August 22, along with 52 other convicts from Atlanta Federal Penitentiary, Georgia. He had several jobs on the Island including sweeping the Cellhouse and working in the laundry. Capone was not popular on Alcatraz; he received no special privileges, but his notoriety made him a target for other cons. Capone got into a fight with another inmate in the recreation yard and was placed in isolation for eight days. While Capone was working in the prison basement, an inmate standing in line waiting for a haircut stabbed him with a pair of shears.
Capone eventually became symptomatic from syphilis, a disease he had been carrying for years but had avoided treating. In early the authorities transferred him to Federal Correction Institute Terminal Island in Southern California to serve out the remainder of his year sentence. Did anyone ever escape from Alcatraz? Not according to the government. During the period the Federal penitentiary operated, 36 prisoners were involved in 14 separate escape attempts. Five men disappeared and were never seen again, but the overwhelming odds are that they drowned and that their bodies were never recovered.
One prisoner made it as far as the rocks beneath the Golden Gate Bridge, where he was found unconscious and near death. He was returned to the Island within 24 hours.
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